Microplásticos suspensos na atmosfera podem afetar o clima/ Microplastics suspended in the atmosphere can affect the climate
Os microplásticos estão sufocando o oceano, isso todos nós sabemos. Contudo, o que é menos conhecido é que eles também estão aos montes na atmosfera da Terra, podendo até mesmo afetar o clima no planeta.
Pela primeira vez, cientistas da Victoria University of Wellington e da University of Canterbury, na Nova Zelândia, investigaram se os microplásticos transportados pelo ar também poderiam ter um efeito em nosso clima. Eles reportaram suas descobertas na revista Nature. Seus modelos sugerem que a quantidade, distribuição e tipos atuais de microplásticos que circulam na atmosfera da Terra podem estar aquecendo e resfriando nosso clima, embora em uma extensão relativamente menor.
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-021-03864-x
Direct radiative effects of airborne microplastics
Nature volume 598, pages462–467 (2021)
Abstract
Microplastics are now recognized as widespread contaminants in the atmosphere, where, due to their small size and low density, they can be transported with winds around the Earth 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25.
Atmospheric aerosols, such as mineral dust and other types of airborne particulate matter, influence Earth’s climate by absorbing and scattering radiation (direct radiative effects) and their impacts are commonly quantified with the effective radiative forcing (ERF) metric26.
However, the radiative effects of airborne microplastics and associated implications for global climate are unknown. Here we present calculations of the optical properties and direct radiative effects of airborne microplastics (excluding aerosol–cloud interactions).
The ERF of airborne microplastics is computed to be 0.044 ± 0.399 milliwatts per square metre in the present-day atmosphere assuming a uniform surface concentration of 1 microplastic particle per cubic metre and a vertical distribution up to 10 kilometres altitude.
However, there are large uncertainties in the geographical and vertical distribution of microplastics.
Assuming that they are confined to the boundary layer, shortwave effects dominate and the microplastic ERF is approximately −0.746 ± 0.553 milliwatts per square metre.
Compared with the total ERF due to aerosol–radiation interactions27 (−0.71 to −0.14 watts per square metre), the microplastic ERF is small. However, plastic production has increased rapidly over the past 70 years28; without serious attempts to overhaul plastic production and waste-management practices, the abundance and ERF of airborne microplastics will continue to increase.
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