Biodistribution and toxicity of spherical aluminum oxide nanoparticles
Link: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26437923/
Comparative Study 2016 Mar;36(3):424-33. doi: 10.1002/jat.3233. Epub 2015 Oct 5.
Eun-Jung Park 1, Gwang-Hee Lee 2, Cheolho Yoon 3, Uiseok Jeong 4, Younghun Kim 4, Myung-Haing Cho 5, Dong-Wan Kim 2
Affiliations PMID: 26437923 DOI: 10.1002/jat.3233
Abstract
With the rapid development of the nano-industry, concerns about their potential adverse health effects have been raised.
Thus, ranking accurately their toxicity and prioritizing for in vivo testing through in vitro toxicity test is needed.
In this study, we used three types of synthesized aluminum oxide nanoparticles (AlONPs): γ-aluminum oxide hydroxide nanoparticles (γ-AlOHNPs), γ- and α-AlONPs. All three AlONPs were spherical, and the surface area was the greatest for γ-AlONPs, followed by the α-AlONPs and γ-AlOHNPs.
In mice, γ-AlOHNPs accumulated the most 24 h after a single oral dose.
Additionally, the decreased number of white blood cells (WBC), the increased ratio of neutrophils and the enhanced secretion of interleukin (IL)-8 were observed in the blood of mice dosed with γ-AlOHNPs (10 mg kg(-1)). We also compared their toxicity using four different in vitro test methods using six cell lines, which were derived from their potential target organs, BEAS-2B (lung), Chang (liver), HACAT (skin), H9C2 (heart), T98G (brain) and HEK-293 (kidney). The results showed γ-AlOHNPs induced the greatest toxicity.
Moreover, separation of particles was observed in a transmission electron microscope (TEM) image of cells treated with γ-AlOHNPs, but not γ-AlONPs or α-AlONPs.
In conclusion, our results suggest that the accumulation and toxicity of AlONPs are stronger in γ-AlOHNPs compared with γ-AlONPs and α-AlONPs owing their low stability within biological system, and the presence of hydroxyl group may be an important factor in determining the distribution and toxicity of spherical AlONPs.
Keywords: aluminum oxide hydroxide nanoparticles; aluminum oxide nanoparticles; distribution; toxicity; toxicity screening.
Considerações:
Leucócitos são células de defesa, se diminuíram abriram as defesas
Os neutrófilos são células de reconhecimento, se aumentaram o corpo não reconheceu o óxido de alumínio e a Interleucina 8 (IL-8) é o principal mediador da resposta imune, se aumentou, desencadeou a resposta imune.
Considerations
Leukocytes are defense cells, if decreased, the defenses opened.
Neutrophils are recognition cells, if increased, the body did not recognize aluminum oxide, and Interleukin 8 (IL-8) is the main mediator of the immune response, if increased, it triggered the immune response.
